data japan 2023Key information about Japan population. The Japan population reached 123.7 million people in Dec 2025, compared with the previously reported fure of 124.3 million people in Dec 2025;The 2025 population density in Japan is 338 people per Km2 (875 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 364,555 Km2 (140,755 sq. miles). Largest Cities in Japan # City Name